Like coal fly ash, metakaolins are type II latent hydraulic (pozzolanic) cement additives that can replace part of the cement due to their hidden hydraulic properties. The raw material of metakaolin is kaolin, which belongs to the group of layered silicates and aluminosilicates.
It is produced by heat treatment (calcination) between 500 and 800°C, during which the interlayer hydroxyl groups are removed from the system. Metakaolin can react with portlandite (calcium hydroxide) and forms calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and calcium aluminum silicate hydrate (CASH), water-insoluble phases found in concrete.
The average particle size (d50) characteristic of metakaolins is 3-5 µm, i.e. larger than microsilica, but an order of magnitude smaller than Portland cement. The specific surface area (Blaine) is between 23,000 and 26,000 cm2/g. The morphology of metakaolins differs significantly from that of coal fly ash, with typical forms being mostly platelets or amorphous (calcination-dependent) particles. Metakaolins are distinguished from other pozzolans by their high and rapid ability to bind portlandite (calcium hydroxide).
Comparison table of metakaolin types:
Type | Metaver I | Metaver K | Metaver M | Metaver N | Metaver O | Metaver R | PowerPozz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Color | slightly pinkish | light grey | white | high whiteness | white | brownish white | white |
Whiteness degree (Dr. Lange) | 60 | X | 71,2 | 8,4 | X | 42 | 77,2 |
Recommended applications | Self-compacting concrete, corrosion-resistant concrete, high-performance concrete, heavy concrete, radiation-shielding concrete | Highest performance concrete, HPC, UHPC concrete, heavy concrete, radiation-shielding concrete | High-performance, fast-setting concrete, exposed concrete, tile adhesives, repair mortars | High-performance and white concrete, exposed concrete, heavy concrete, radiation-shielding concrete | Highest performance white and exposed concrete, HPC, UHPC concrete | Geopolymers, terracotta-colored lime plasters, organic architecture binders | Geopolymers, fair-faced concrete |
Application areas:
Technical data sheets for the products can be found here.